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Peaceful religious coexistence: An Islamic origin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51930/jcois.21.2025.82.0286Keywords:
Coexistence , Peace, ReligionAbstract
Peaceful coexistence is a term that is circulated among political, cultural and social circles, and has been widely used in recent times, as if it were a modern concept and term, but the historical and scientific reality is otherwise, and it is a concept that has been circulated since ancient times, until the Holy Qur’an came, to reveal and clarify this term in terms of meaning and fruit. The Sunnah of the Prophet followed him - in word, deed and report - to clearly show the true meaning of peaceful coexistence. The Noble Prophet often recommended achieving peace and security, and emphasized it in times of war and peace, as he embodied it practically when the Prophet moved to Medina and concluded the famous document of coexistence and societal peace, between the various races, religions and nationalities in Medina, according to numerous rational civil provisions and controls, which were a constitution for the people of Medina. Before that time, such a peaceful constitution was not known among the tribes that were diverse in religion, nationality and race, and included the Jew, the Christian, the Muslim and the Abyssinian. Thus, the Commander of the Faithful, Ali (peace be upon him), embodied the concept of peaceful coexistence in his will to Malik al-Ashtar al-Nakha’i, when he appointed him governor of Egypt. He said to him: “And make your heart feel mercy for the subjects, love for them, and kindness towards them, and do not be a ferocious beast towards them, for they are of two types: either a brother to you in religion or a counterpart to you in creation... So give them your forgiveness and pardon in the same way that you would like God to give you from His forgiveness and pardon” ( ). Thus, morality is a sacred principle in the coexistence of all people in peace and harmony, without aggression or hostility. The Holy Quran, as the seal, ruler, clarifier and detailer of the heavenly laws, according to the heavenly perspective and divine justice, declares that God created man in the best form, and he is more deserving of preserving his dignity, and that the beginnings of goodness and peace are present in the origin of man’s nature and disposition, but the factors influencing man’s movement and behavior are many, so he needs guidance, success and reason. Islam has increased the sanctity and dignity of man, so Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: The Prophet (may God bless him and his family) said: “The believer’s honor, wealth and blood are all sacred” ( ). It is not permissible to transgress against him materially or morally, in any way.
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